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Sayed Muhammad Usman Marwandi〔 Sarah Ansari (1971) Sufi Saints and State Power: The Pirs of Sindh, 1843–1947. Vanguard Books〕 (1149–1299), also known as Lal Shahbaz Qalandar ((シンド語:لال شھباز قلندر)), was a Sufi philosopher-poet of present-day Pakistan. He belonged to the Suhrawardi order of Sufis. Called ''Lal'' (red) after his usual red attire, ''Shahbaz'' to denote a noble and divine spirit. == Life == Hazrat Lal Shahbaz Qalandar, son of Habib(Ibrahim Mujaab), was born in Marwand.〔I A Rashid (2004) (Lal Shahbaz Qalandar ). Story of Pakistan. 6 March. Retrieved on 27 January 2008〕 to a dervish, Syed Ibrahim Kabiruddin〔 His ancestors had migrated from Baghdad and settled in Mashhad, before moving again to Marwand. He lived when the Ghaznavid and Ghurids ruled in South Asia.〔N B G Qazi (1971) Lal Shahbaz Qalandar ʻUthman Marwandi'. RCD Cultural Institute.〕 A contemporary of Rumi, he travelled around the Muslim world and settled in Sehwan where he was eventually buried.〔M Inam (1978) Hazrat Lal Shahbaz Qalandar of Sehwan Sharif. Karachi.〕 There is evidence of his presence in Sindh in 1196 when he met Pir Haji Ismail Panhwar of Paat and he is believed to have arrived in Sehwan around 1251. There he established a meeting house (''khanqah''), taught in the Fuqhai Islam Madarrsah and wrote his treatises ''Mizan-us-Surf'', ''Kism-e-Doyum'', ''Aqd'' and ''Zubdah''. Lal Shahbaz lived a celibate life and died in the year 1279 at the age of 130. In Multan he met Baha-ud-din Zakariya of the Suhrwardiyya, Baba Fariduddin Ganjshakar of the Chishtiyya and Syed Jalaluddin Bukhari. The friendship of these four became legendary, they were known as the ''Chahar Yar'' (In Persian "the four friends"). According to some historians the four friends visited various parts of Sindh, Punjab (in present day Pakistan) and southern part of India. . Shahbaz became a profound scholar of religions, fluent in many languages including Pashto, Persian, Turkish, Arabic, Sindhi and Sanskrit. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Lal Shahbaz Qalandar」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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